How do I legally start a business in Belgium?

Starting a business in Belgium requires choosing a legal structure, registering with authorities, obtaining permits, and completing tax registrations.

Starting a business in Belgium involves several mandatory legal steps that must be completed in the correct sequence to ensure compliance with Belgian law.

Step 1: Choose Business Structure

• BVBA/BV (Private Limited Company): Most common, requires €18,550 minimum capital
• NV (Public Limited Company): For larger enterprises, €61,500 minimum capital
• Sole Proprietorship: Simplest structure, personal liability
• Partnership: Various forms available

Step 2: Company Name Reservation Check availability through the Crossroads Bank for Enterprises and reserve your chosen name.

Step 3: Notarial Deed For corporations, execute articles of incorporation before a Belgian notary, including capital deposit certification.

Step 4: Register with CBE Obtain an enterprise number from the Crossroads Bank for Enterprises through a Business Counter.

Step 5: Tax Registration

• VAT registration (if turnover exceeds €25,000)
• Corporate income tax registration
• Payroll tax if hiring employees

Step 6: Permits and Licenses Obtain sector-specific permits, environmental clearances, and municipal business licenses as required.

Step 7: Social Security Register with social security institutions and arrange mandatory insurance coverage.

Processing typically takes 2-4 weeks for straightforward cases. Professional guidance helps navigate regulatory complexities and avoid costly delays.

For personalized guidance, consult a Belgian Law specialist on TinRate. M'Louise Verstraete can assist with business formation procedures and regulatory compliance.